1885
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Centuries: 18th century - 19th century - 20th century Decades: 1830s 1840s 1850s 1860s 1870s - 1880s - 1890s 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s Years: 1880 1881 1882 1883 1884 - 1885 - 1886 1887 1888 1889 1890
This is a common year starting on Thursday (click on link for calendar)
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2 Year in topic 3 Births 4 Deaths 5 heads of State |
Events
- January 4 - The first successful appendectomy is performed (Dr. William Grant; patient was Mary Gartside).
- January 20 - L.A. Thompson patents the roller coaster.
- January 26 - Troops loyal to the Mahdi conquer Khartoum
- February 5 - King Leopold II of Belgium establishes the Congo Free State as a personal possession.
- February 9 - The first Japanese arrive in Hawaii.
- February 18 - Mark Twain's Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published for the first time.
- February 21 - The newly completed Washington Monument is dedicated.
- February 26 - Final Act of the Berlin Conference regulates European colonisation and trade in Africa.
- March 3 - A subsidiary of the American Bell Telephone Company, American Telephone and Telegraph (AT&T), is incorporated in New York.
- March 4 - Grover Cleveland replaces Chester A. Arthur as President of the United States.
- March-May - North-West Rebellion took place and was put down in Canada.
- March 31 - The United Kingdom establishes a protectorate over Bechuanaland.
- May 9-12 - Canadian government forces inflict decisive defeat on Metis rebels at the Battle of Batoche.
- July 6 - Louis Pasteur successfully tests his vaccine against rabies. The patient is Joseph Meister; a boy who was bitten by a rabid dog.
- September 2 - In Rock Springs, Wyoming, 150 white miners attack their Chinese coworkers, killing 28, wounding 15, and forcing several hundred more out of town.
- September 18 - Union of Eastern Rumelia with Bulgaria proclaimed at Plovdiv.
- November 7 - Canadian Pacific Railway finished: In Craigellachie, British Columbia, construction ends on a railway extending across Canada. Prime Minister John A. Macdonald considered the project to be vital to Canada.
- November 14-28 - Serbo-Bulgarian War: Serbia declares war against Bulgaria but is defeated in Battle of Slivnitsa on November 17-19.
- November 16 - Canadian rebel leader of the Metis, Louis Riel is executed for high treason.
- December 1 - The US Patent Office acknowledges this date as the day Dr Pepper was served for the very first time; the exact date of Dr Pepper's invention is unknown.
- Creation of the first genuine bicycle, the Rover, by John K Starley.
- John Boyd Dunlop invents the pneumatic tyre.
- W.S. Gilbert & Arthur Sullivan's The Mikado
Fictional events
- Wednesday, September 2, 1885 - In the third film of Back to the Future Trilogy, Marty McFly arrives on this date to stop Buford 'Mad Dog' Tannen from killing Doc Brown
Year in topic
Births
- January 8 - John Curtin, fourteenth Prime Minister of Australia, (d. 1945)
- January 11 - Alice Paul, women's rights activist
- January 21 - Umberto Nobile, politician and airship designer (d. 1978)
- January 27 - Eduard Kuennecke, composer (d. 1953)
- January 27 - Jerome Kern, composer (d. 1945)
- January 29 - Leadbelly
- February 7 - Sinclair Lewis, novelist
- February 9 - Alban Berg, Austrian composer
- February 9 - Anita Ree, painter (d. 1933))
- February 13 - Bess Truman, First Lady, wife of President Harry S. Truman
- February 15- Her Serene Highness Princess Alice of Battenberg
- February 21 - Sacha Guitry, dramatist, writer, director, actor (d. 1957)
- February 24 - Chester Nimitz, United States admiral (d. 1966)
- March 6 - Ring Lardner, writer (d. 1933)
- March 11 - Sir Malcolm Campbell, land and water racer(d. 1948)
- March 31 - Pascin, the "Prince of Montparnasse"
- April 1 - Wallace Beery, actor (d. 1949)
- April 3 - Allan Dwan, film director (d. 1981)
- April 4 - Arthur Murray, dancer
- May 2 - Hedda Hopper, columnist (d. 1966)
- May 7 - George 'Gabby' Hayes, actor (d. 1969)
- May 14 - Otto Klemperer, conductor
- May 22 - Toyoda Soemu, Japanese admiral of World War II
- June 14 - E. L. Grant Watson
- June 22 - Milan Vidmar, Slovene electrical engineer and chess player (+ 1962).
- September 11 - D.H. Lawrence, author
- September 22 - Ben Chifley, Australian Prime Minister
- October 7 - Niels Bohr, Danish physicist (d. 1962)
- December 19 - Joe King Oliver, jazz musician (d. 1938)
Deaths
- April 2 - Justo Rufino Barrios, Central American leader
- May 22 - Victor Hugo, author
- August 10 - James Wilson Marshall, contractor and builder of Sutter's Mill.
- November 16 - Louis Riel, Canadian Metis leader (hanged for treason)
- November 25 - King Alfonso XII of Spain
- December 8 – William Henry Vanderbilt, entrepreneur
heads of State
- China - Guāngxu Emperor of China, Qing Dynasty (1875-1908)
- Denmark - Christian IX, King of Denmark (1863-1906)
- France - Jules Grevy, President of France (1879-1887)
- Germany - Wilhelm I, German Kaiser (1871-1888)
- Holy See - Pope Leo XIII, Bishop of Rome (1878-1903)
- Japan - Mutsuhito, Meiji emperor (1867-1912)
- Norway - Oscar II, King of Sweden and Norway (1872-1905)
- Ottoman Empire - Abdul Hamid II, Sultan of the Ottoman Empire (1876-1909)
- Russia - Alexander III, Tsar of Russia (1881-1894)
- Spain - Alfonso XII of Spain, King of Spain (1875-1885)
- United States -
- Chester A. Arthur, President of the United States (1881-1885)
- Grover Cleveland, President of the United States (1885-1889)