1 E19 s and more

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To help compare orders of magnitude of different times this page lists times longer than 10¹⁹ seconds (320,000 million years) See also times of other orders of magnitude.

See the article about the ultimate fate of the Universe for more discussion of these issues.

• Shorter times
• 7.7 × 10¹⁵ years – half-life of cadmium-113
• 1.4 × 10¹⁷ years – half-life of vanadium-50
• >1.8 × 10¹⁷ years -- half life of chromium-50
• >6×10¹⁸ years -- half life of calcium-48
• (1.9 +/- 0.2) × 10¹⁹ years – alpha emission half-life of bismuth

The following times all assume that the Universe is "open":

• 10¹⁴ years – the estimated time until low-mass stars cool off
• 10¹⁵ years – the estimated time until planets detach from stars
• 10¹⁹ years – the estimated time until stars detach from galaxies
• 10²⁰ years – the estimated time until orbits decay by gravitational radiation
• 10³⁰ years – the estimated time until galaxies disappear due to black holes
• 10³⁶ years – the conjectured time scale of proton decay
• 10⁶⁴ years – the estimated time until black holes decay by the Hawking process
• 10⁶⁵ years – the estimated time until all matter is liquid at zero temperature due to tunneling effects
• 10⁸⁵ years – the estimated time until electrons and positrons combine to form "atoms"
• 10¹⁰⁰ years – the estimated time until supermassive black holes decay by the Hawking process
• 10¹⁵⁰⁰ years – the estimated time until all matter decays to iron (if the proton does not decay)
• 10^{100,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000} years (10¹⁰²⁶) – low estimate for the time until all matter collapses into black holes
• 10^{10,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000} years (10¹⁰⁷⁶) – high estimate for the time until all matter collapses into neutron stars or black holes