World Intellectual Property Organization
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO) is an international organization devoted to protecting intellectual property. WIPO is one of the specialized agencies of the United Nations. It has 177 member states, and administers 21 international treaties. The headquarters of WIPO are in Geneva, Switzerland.
WIPO entered its modern incarnation as a part of the UN in 1974. Its predecessor, BIRPI (Bureaux Internationaux Reunis pour la Protection de la Propriete Intellectuelle, french acronym for United International Bureau for the Protection of Intellectual Property) had been set up in 1893 to administer the Berne Convention for the Protection of Literary and Artistic Works.
Unlike other branches of the United Nations, WIPO has enormous financial resources. These flow from its collection of fees under the Patent Cooperation Treaty, which it administers.
WIPO is a one country, one vote forum. This is important, because there is a significant north-south divide in the politics of intellectual property. During the 1960s and 70s, developing countries were able to block expansions to intellectual property treaties (such as universal pharmaceutical patents) which might have occurred through WIPO.
In the 1980s, this lead to the United States "forum shifting" intellectual property standard-setting out of WIPO and into the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (later the WTO), where the North had greater control of the agenda. This strategy paid dividends with the enactment of TRIPs.
See also: WIPO Copyright Treaty, WIPO Performances and Phonograms Treaty, Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy, Paris Convention for the Protection of Industrial Property
External links
- http://www.wipo.int/ The official WIPO website
- May 10 2004, Geneva: WIPO Geneva Patent Policy Session
- 2003/2004: Wipo bangs the Drum - WIPO has just published brochure, "Intellectual Property - A Power Tool for Economic Growth", aimed at policy-makers in businesses and governments worldwide, and as the preface puts it, "written from a definite perspective -- that IP is good".
- Substantive Patent Law Treaty(SPLT) Draft: Unlimited Patentability and Strict Limits on Patent Quality to be hardcoded into international law